The shift we should be measuring
December 2025
Addressing AI’s compute and power bottleneck
Artificial intelligence (AI) applications are becoming increasingly embedded in our day-to-day lives, creating new opportunities and disrupting established industries. Predictive AI in the form of machine learning (ML) has already been delivering increasing benefits for a couple of decades at least, particularly in areas like medicine and fraud detection. With generative AI (gen AI) becoming mainstream, it is hard to grasp the potential breadth of impact this technology will have. Behind the seemingly daily announcements of new breakthroughs is another force that has underpinned and will continue to shape AI innovation—open source software.
Open source software used to be a niche concept, often associated with volunteers coding on weekends and distributing their work for free. Large enterprises were initially sceptical, but as the software world evolved, the communities driving projects like Linux and the Apache Software Foundation proved that open collaboration could produce scalable, secure and cost-effective solutions, which proprietary software models can struggle to provide.
Red Hat has played a leading role in establishing the enterprise credentials of open source software, and today it is hard to find software solutions and applications that don’t rely on open source. Other major tech organizations like Google, IBM, Microsoft, Amazon and NVIDIA are all now heavily involved in open source software projects, along with other technology-dependent businesses like Spotify and Netflix. The most important technologies of the past two decades — the internet, mobile devices, cloud computing and AI — would not be possible without open source software.
As research in AI progressed, we saw the same pattern with leading frameworks, platforms and tooling such as TensorFlow, PyTorch, Kubeflow and Jupyter Notebook being shared freely, with open source communities forming worldwide. The software infrastructure for model training and inference, whether in the cloud or on premise, is also mostly open source. The paradox of all of this is that open source software is so integral to the AI revolution that it is barely commented on.
AI progress is at risk of being throttled by energy and hardware constraints, with leading cloud providers and AI labs reporting shortages of cutting-edge GPUs and specialized hardware. In addition to this, data center power consumption could soon be constrained by the capacity of the electricity grid.
Open source AI software infrastructure can help address these constraints in the following ways:
Enterprises must adopt more energy and hardware efficient AI architectures to mitigate compute and power resource shortages which are already occurring and are set to increase. An open source software infrastructure can provide the technical foundation to achieve that.
While most organizations recognize the potential AI has to deliver innovation and competitive advantage, committing to a clear initial use case can be a challenge, especially when data science and machine learning expertise is in short supply.
Following a successful pilot, governance, security and ongoing optimization will be required to expand AI initiatives across the enterprise. A complete and comprehensive AI platform can provide these capabilities. Early low-cost experimentation can spark breakthroughs, but robust platforms and best practices become critical once teams move from proofs of concept to full-scale deployments and into production. The right platform will allow organizations to develop and integrate the new skills and toolsets required, while automating repetitive tasks and providing on-demand resource scaling.
A unified platform can let organizations focus on innovation while providing the reliability, improved security posture and manageability required in a complex IT environment.
Red Hat is well known for its core products—Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL), Red Hat OpenShift and Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform. Red Hat has extended its focus on building leading open source platforms into the AI space with Red Hat AI, which includes the following products:
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AI (RHEL AI) provides enterprises with a more accessible and more efficient open source foundation for gen AI adoption. It simplifies the deployment and management of AI models, offering out-of-the-box support for IBM’s Granite foundation models, providing transparency, improved security and flexibility.
RHEL AI enables organizations to fine-tune foundation models with their own data using the InstructLab framework, offering a low-barrier entry point for enterprises getting started with gen AI, with a pathway to scale into more complex AI architectures like Red Hat OpenShift AI when needed. RHEL AI is fully supported by Red Hat and portable across hybrid cloud environments.
The image below outlines how the workflow for fine-tuning a model with InstructLab in RHEL AI.
Red Hat OpenShift AI is an AI and machine learning (ML) platform built to give enterprises the capability to train and serve AI models at scale. OpenShift AI can manage both gen AI and predictive AI across hybrid cloud environments, integrating with the critical ecosystem partners that enterprises rely on.
Data scientists gain access to a scalable environment for rapid experimentation and streamlined model deployment. With support for multiple AI frameworks and automation of repetitive tasks, they can better focus on innovation and model optimization, accelerating time-to-value.
Application developers and DevOps teams benefit from integration with their CI/CD pipelines and robust automation, with centralized management across hybrid environments. These features enable faster iterations, more reliable releases and simplified scaling, with an open source foundation providing compatibility with existing toolsets.
OpenShift AI is a platform that simplifies collaboration between teams, helping deliver AI-powered applications that drive digital transformation and competitive advantage. The image below shows the overarching functionality of OpenShift AI and some of the components and ecosystem available to it.
Open source software created the foundation for AI’s rapid evolution. As gen AI evolves from hype to real-world adoption, collaboration and transparency are more important than ever.
Large organizations must be ready to adopt practices and technologies which will facilitate the governance and management of AI deployment at scale. Red Hat has proven expertise in delivering enterprise-ready open source solutions—RHEL AI and OpenShift AI exemplify how we are shaping the AI landscape with scalable and flexible platforms.
If you are experimenting with training your own models, scaling enterprise AI platforms or want to learn more about RHEL AI and OpenShift AI, Red Hat can help your organization unlock AI’s full potential in a responsible, cost-effective way.
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